{"id":22700,"date":"2021-05-24T17:34:14","date_gmt":"2021-05-24T09:34:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ebp.gesedna.com\/?post_type=assessment&#038;p=22700"},"modified":"2024-01-03T23:20:16","modified_gmt":"2024-01-03T15:20:16","slug":"depression","status":"publish","type":"assessment","link":"https:\/\/ebp.gesedna.com\/assessment\/depression\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5fc3\u7406\u5065\u5eb7\u7cfb\u5217-\u6291\u90c1\u8bc4\u4f30"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">*\u672c\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ed8\u8d39\u540e\u4e0d\u63a5\u53d7\u9000\u6b3e\u54e6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u672c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5df2\u5305\u542b\u5728\u6682\u505c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u884c\u52a8\u8425\u7684\u524d\u540e\u5fc3\u7406\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd1\u671f\u6b63\u5728\u53c2\u4e0e\u884c\u52a8\u8425\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u590d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">01<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9002\u5408\u4eba\u7fa4<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e0b\u5217\u7684\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6291\u90c1\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u5fc3\u60c5\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u4f4e\u843d\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u60b2\u4f24\u3001\u7a7a\u865a\u3001\u5931\u53bb\u5e0c\u671b\uff1b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u83b7\u5f97\u5feb\u611f\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53d7\u635f\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u5bf9\u8eab\u8fb9\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u5931\u53bb\u5174\u8da3\u548c\u70ed\u60c5;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u62b1\u6709\u6d88\u6781\u60f3\u6cd5\uff0c\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u6ca1\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u6216\u8fc7\u5206\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u81ea\u8d23\u548c\u5185\u759a;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5bb9\u6613\u75b2\u52b3\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\uff1b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">02<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8bc4\u4f30\u5185\u5bb9<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6291\u90c1\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u7eea\u6301\u7eed\u4f4e\u843d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u5feb\u611f\u3001\u52a8\u529b\u548c\u610f\u4e49\u611f\u7684\u7f3a\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5fc3\u60c5\u60b2\u4f24\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\uff0c\u6291\u90c1\u60c5\u7eea\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\uff0c<\/strong><strong>\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u662f\u5426\u5f71\u54cd\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u529f\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u7efc\u5408\u5224\u65ad\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5fc3\u7406\u536b\u751f\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u969c\u788d\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6536\u96c6\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c<strong>\u91cf\u8868\u8bca\u65ad\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u91cf\u8868\u6539\u7f16\u81ea\u300a\u60a3\u8005\u5065\u5eb7\u95ee\u5377\u300b\uff08PHQ\uff0cPatient Health Questionnaire\uff09\uff0c\u53c2\u8003\u7cbe\u795e\u536b\u751f\u9886\u57df\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7cbe\u795e\u533b\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u7684\u300a\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u7edf\u8ba1\u624b\u518c\u300b\u7b2c\u4e94\u7248\uff08DSM-5\uff09\u4e2d\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\uff08\u91cd\u5ea6\u6291\u90c1\uff09\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u4e34\u5e8a\u9886\u57df\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6291\u90c1\u8bca\u65ad\u91cf\u8868\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u8bba\u6587\u5355\u7bc7\u88ab\u5f15\u91cf\u8d85\u8fc7 16000 \u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u672c\u91cf\u8868\u662f\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u4f46\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u9700\u8981\u6536\u96c6\u66f4\u591a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u751a\u81f3\u9700\u8981\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u51fa\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u672c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5f97\u5206\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c<strong>\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u8f7b\u6613\u505a\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u60a3\u6709\u6291\u90c1\u75c7\u7684\u5224\u65ad<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u53bb\u5bfb\u6c42\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u58eb\uff08\u5982\u7cbe\u795e\u79d1\u533b\u751f\uff0c\u5fc3\u7406\u54a8\u8be2\u5e08\uff09\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u672c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4f60\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f60\u7684\u6291\u90c1\u60c5\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u6790\u62a5\u544a\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6682\u505c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u56e2\u961f\u7ed9\u4f60\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6291\u90c1\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7ed3\u8bba<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">03<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53c2\u6570<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53cd\u9988\u62a5\u544a\uff1a\u7ea6 2800 \u5b57<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\uff1aSpitzer RL\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u60a3\u8005\u5065\u5eb7\u95ee\u5377\u521d\u8bca\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4fe1\u5ea6\u7cfb\u6570\uff1a0.85~0.87\uff08\u4fe1\u5ea6\u826f\u597d\uff09<br><br>\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728 20 \u5929\u4e4b\u5185\u505a\u8fc7\u6682\u505c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u6d4b\u8bd5\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u505a\u9898\u8fdb\u5ea6\u4e0d\u662f\u4ece 1 \u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u9053\u9898\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\u662f 20 \u5929\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u671f\u5185\u78b0\u5230\u540c\u6837\u7684\u9898\u4f60\u90fd\u4e0d\u7528\u518d\u505a\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4f60\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">04<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u79d1\u5b66\u4f9d\u636e<\/h6>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u62e9PHQ-9\uff1f<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6291\u90c1\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u91cf\u8868\u975e\u5e38\u591a\uff0c\u8d1d\u514b\u6291\u90c1\u91cf\u8868\uff08Beck Depression Inventory\uff09\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5065\u5eb7\u4e0e\u4e34\u5e8a\u5353\u8d8a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, NICE\uff09\u7684 2 \u9053\u9898\u7b5b\u67e5\uff08Two-Questions Screen\uff09\uff0c\u6c49\u5bc6\u987f\u6291\u90c1\u91cf\u8868\uff08Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression\uff09\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53ea\u6709 PHQ-9 \u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6807\u51c6\u53c2\u7167 \u300a\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u7edf\u8ba1\u624b\u518c\u300b\u7b2c\u4e94\u7248\uff08DSM-5\uff09 \u7684\u6291\u90c1\u8bca\u65ad\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e14\u91cf\u8868\u6307\u6570\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u5728\u4e34\u5e8a\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DSM-5 \u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u536b\u751f\u9886\u57df\u901a\u7528\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u6807\u51c6\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\uff0c\u5b83\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u533b\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u8bca\u65ad\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u5b9e\u7528\u3001\u6700\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6307\u5357\uff0c\u82b1\u8d39\u4e86\u8d85\u8fc7 12 \u5e74\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7ed3\u5408\u6700\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e86\u6570\u767e\u4f4d\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u5206\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728 2019 \u5e74\u4e00\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bc4\u4f30 PHQ-9\u8bca\u65ad\u7b5b\u67e5\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e86\u88ab\u4e13\u4e1a\u9762\u8c08\u8bca\u65ad\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0e PHQ-9 \u8bca\u65ad\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u5206\u6790\u4e86 58 \u9879\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7814\u7a76\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5e38\u7528\u3001\u88ab\u8ba4\u53ef\u7684 3 \u79cd\u8bca\u65ad\u8bbf\u8c08\uff1a\u7ed3\u6784\u5f0f\u8bca\u65ad\u8bbf\u8c08\uff08Semistructured Diagnostic Interview\uff09\u3001\u5168\u7ed3\u6784\u5f0f\u8bbf\u8c08(fully Structured Interview)\uff0c\u5fae\u578b\u56fd\u9645\u795e\u7ecf\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b66\u8bca\u65ad\u8bbf\u8c08\uff08Mini Neuropsychiatric Diagnostic Interviews\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5 10 \u5206\u4e3a\u4e34\u754c\u503c\uff0c\u88ab PHQ-9 \u8bca\u65ad\u4e3a\u6291\u90c1\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c 70%-88% \u5728\u4e13\u4e1a\u9762\u8c08\u540c\u6837\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u6291\u90c1\u969c\u788d\u8bca\u65ad\u3002PHQ-9 \u8bca\u65ad\u4e3a\u975e\u6291\u90c1\u969c\u788d\u7684\u4eba\u4e2d\uff0c84%-87%\u7684\u4eba\u5728\u4e13\u4e1a\u9762\u8c08\u540c\u6837\u662f\u975e\u6291\u90c1\u969c\u788d\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PHQ-9 \u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u4f1a\uff08American Psychological Science\uff09\u5b98\u7f51\u4e0a\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210 30 \u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">\u7f8e\u56fd\u7cbe\u795e\u533b\u5b66\u5b66\u4f1a\u7f16\u8457, \u5f20\u9053\u9f99\u7b49\u8bd1. (2016). \u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u788d\u8bca\u65ad\u4e0e\u7edf\u8ba1\u624b\u518c\uff08\u7b2c\u4e94\u7248\uff09. \u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e. 214:218.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">NIMH \u00bb Major Depression. (n.d.). Retrieved April 16, 2020, from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/major-depression.shtml\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.nimh.nih.gov\/health\/statistics\/major-depression.shtml<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">Tsoi, K. K., Chan, J. Y., Hirai, H. W., &amp; Wong, S. Y. (2017). Comparison of diagnostic performance of Two-Question Screen and 15 depression screening instruments for older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis.&nbsp;<em>The British Journal of Psychiatry<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>210<\/em>(4), 255-260.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">Kroenke, K. , Spitzer, R. L. , Williams, J. B. W. , &amp; LoWe, B. . (2010). The patient health questionnaire somatic, anxiety, and depressive symptom scales: a systematic review.&nbsp;<em>General Hospital Psychiatry,<\/em>&nbsp;<em>32<\/em>(4), 345-359.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">L\u00f6we B, Unutzer J, Callahan CM, Perkins AJ, Kroenke K. Monitoring depression treatmentoutcomes with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Med Care 2004;42:1194-1201<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">Kroenke K, Spitzer RL. The PHQ-9: a new depression diagnostic and severity measure.Psychiatric Annals 2002;32:509-521. [also includes validation data on PHQ-8]\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JBW. The PHQ-9: Validity of a brief depression severitymeasure. J Gen Intern Med 2001;16:606-613.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., Patient Health Questionnaire Primary Care Study Group, &amp; Patient Health Questionnaire Primary Care Study Group. (1999). Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study.&nbsp;<em>Jama<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>282<\/em>(18), 1737-1744.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:12px\">Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Kroenke K, Linzer M, deGruy FV, Hahn SR, Brody D, JohnsonJG. Utility of a new procedure for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care: ThePRIME-MD 1000 study. 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